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In Myositis, Autoantibodies Get Inside Muscle Cells and Disrupt the Function of the Proteins They Bind To

https://www.niams.nih.gov/newsroom/spotlight-on-research/myositis-autoantibodies-get-inside-muscle-cells-and-disrupt-function

Overview An international team of researchers, led by the NIAMS Intramural Research Program (IRP)’s Muscle Disease Section, has discovered a new mechanism through which myositis autoantibodies —antibodies produced by the immune system that mistakenly target the body's own components— contribute to the disease. Myositis encompasses a group of rare autoimmune diseases where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy muscle tissue. The researchers discovered that autoantibodies can get inside muscle cells and disrupt the normal function of the proteins they bind to. This new discovery could have implications for how we understand not only myositis, but also other autoimmune diseases. The
CLINICAL

Younger People With Merkel Cell Carcinoma Often Carry Genetic Risk Factors for Other Cancers

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NIAMS IRP
Merkel cell carcinoma is an aggressive skin cancer that occurs when nerve-like cells that produce hormones (called neuroendocrine cells) grow out of control. The disease is rare in people under age 50. Genetic screenings of people with early onset Merkel cell carcinoma show that 19 percent had well-described variants in genes associated with an increased likelihood of cancer development.
Cancer Biology Computational Biology Skin Biology
TRANSLATIONAL

As People With Vasculitis Get Older, They Acquire Blood Cell Mutations That May Cause Inflammation

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NIAMS IRP
Clonal hematopoiesis is a term to describe a process where healthy individuals acquire genetic mutations in their blood cells later in life. Cells that carry these mutations promote inflammation, which increases risk of death due to cardiovascular disease.
Autoimmunity Clinical Research Computational Biology Genetics and Genomics Immunology
BASIC

PACCE Is a Novel Method for Using Mass Spectrometry to Identify Cellular Proteins That Bind RNA

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NIAMS IRP
RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are a large and diverse class of proteins. They are encoded by more than 1,500 genes in humans. RBPs control every aspect of RNA metabolism and posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression. However, identifying RBPs is challenging because many of them lack clearly identifiable features and are involved in processes not necessarily thought to be RNA related, such as metabolism (all the chemical changes that occur in a cell to break down a molecule).
Genetics and Genomics Molecular Biology and Biochemistry RNA Biology Systems Biology
TRANSLATIONAL

Automated Method Efficiently and Accurately Assesses Neutrophil-based Structures Involved in Health and Disease

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NIAMS IRP
Neutrophils are essential first responders in the immune system, playing a significant role in various diseases. This method will be helpful in neutrophil-targeted drug development by offering real-time, high-throughput screening.
Autoimmunity Cell Biology Clinical Research Immunology Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Systems Biology
CLINICAL

Diversity of Staphylococci on Human Skin Characterized at Sites Across the Body

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NIAMS IRP
Findings from this study provide additional knowledge about the different species and subspecies of staphylococci that live on the human skin and how these different types of bacteria have adapted to varied skin areas.
Clinical Research Computational Biology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Skin Biology
CLINICAL

Children With Autoimmune Muscle Disease Who Have Certain Autoantibodies in Their Blood Are More Likely to Have Severe Disease

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NIAMS IRP
Testing for MAA may be clinically useful in children with myositis. Given the association between MAA and severe disease, children with myositis who have one or more MAA types may need to receive more aggressive treatment than those without these autoantibodies.
Clinical Research Immunology Muscle Biology
CLINICAL

The Microbiomes of People with Recombination-Activating Gene (RAG) Deficiency Have Distinct Features, Including Antimicrobial Resistance Signatures

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NIAMS IRP
The study characterizes the colonization of eukaryotic RNA viruses in RAG-deficient patient population and also demonstrates the importance of these patients as potential reservoirs of viral persistence and evolution.
Clinical Research Computational Biology Genetics and Genomics Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Skin Biology

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